Let me ask you a question.

Say, it is 8:00 PM.

You like to have Dosa for dinner.

No mood for cooking. Everyone in the family agrees to eat outside.

But now, you want to order and peacefully eat at home, watching Netflix, due to your long work. Your wife wants to go to a fine-dine, after being bored of staying at home. Your brother or sister wants to go to a street vendor, as they look for fast-food style Dosa. Your mom and dad want to cook and eat at home, as they prefer a healthy option.

How one Dosa different for different people?

Because everyone not only consume. They want an experience.

And the expectation is not the same every time. May be on Sunday, you prefer Dosa at a fine-dine and on month end you like to go to a street vendor.

So what is different? Customer Experience.

Along with eating, everyone want to gain their unique consumer experience.

Why shopping is no longer just shopping

Gone are the days when people bought a product or service just for gaining the value, for the utility of the product.

Now people want more. Consumers like you and me want to experience the entire shopping as an event.

Do you remember how one of your friends bought a car or bike and posted it on social media? What about their experience in Absolute Barbeque or other fine restaurants?

To be honest, everyone likes to be treated well, like a King.

CX is bigger than you think

As small as it might look, the Customer Experience market is estimated around USD 12.04 billion.

CX-focused businesses see a 2.3x increase in customer lifetime value. CX leaders outperform the S&P 500 by 307% (Forrester).

Customers spend 140% more on brands that deliver good CX.

A 5% increase in customer retention can boost profits by 25% to 95%.

So it is backed by data.

Where should a startup begin?

There is a roadmap that market leaders follow. But It is simple for us to understand.

It is same thing that expect, when you are a customer.

Predictability, Reliability, Visibility, Trust & Transparency, Connection and Continuous Improvement

Amazon knows why we love tracking

Everyone loves Amazon online shopping because you can track when the product leaves the warehouse, when it is in transit to your nearby station, and when it is going to reach your house.

Now you tell me, don’t you want to give the same to your customers?

Simple steps to make customers smile

First, track all your internal processes. Find a way to track the progress at every station. Find a way to predict the delivery of your product or service to a given customer, at any point of time. If things go south, you should know where exactly it is stuck at.

Next, when things get delayed, inform the customer and apologize. Customers appreciate honesty.

If you cannot deliver as promised or doesn't meet their expectations, refund the money completely without any hassle. Give additional vouchers if possible.

Show the waitlists and expected time of arrival delivery, even before the customer purchase the product or service.

When there is a low demand for the product, give it at a lower price, without customers negotiating.

None of these are possible without digitalizing your company processes. Choose an IT roadmap and install those tools that will make it possible. Train your employees to use the system you created. Track your costs at every step and know how to make each step lean to give more room for returns and refunds.

Remind them you care

From the time your customer order your product or service, until they consume it fully and even after that, keep them reminded about your excellent service. Tie your products and services with their lovable memories.

This will not only lower the marketing cost and customer acquisition cost, but also lower churn rate and increase customer retention.

Then you are no longer fighting to sell your product. You will have a loyal customer who is ready to try your next new un-tested recipe, inviting themselves to your kitchen, like your best buddies.

Because they love having business with you.

The promise of customer Experience

Customer Experience is a promise:

“We have your back.”

Whether it’s a Dosa, a car, or a luxury product, people remember how you make them feel.

Start with predictability, build trust, and deliver consistently.

When one mistake can break everything

A single wrong keystroke could bring down your entire enterprise.
A wrong edit could lose crucial customer data.
One misstep can hit your profit margin hard.

Mistakes happen. But here’s the thing, if your software doesn’t have the right features, recovering from those mistakes can be a nightmare.

Some companies rely on a protective approach which requires multiple validations and approvals before anything moves forward. That might sound safe, but it comes with a hidden cost.

The hidden cost of the protective approach

As a founder, director, or manager, you cannot review and approve every single change. Even if it feels like total control, having employees ask for approval on every small step will choke your operations.

It’s easy to handle when you have 1–5 employees and a couple of orders. But imagine scaling to 50 employees and hundreds of orders per day. Suddenly, you’re the bottleneck. Work slows, deliveries get delayed, and your business cannot reach its full potential.

Most corporate companies stick to this protective method because they have a lot to lose. But here’s the problem: it creates bureaucracy, slows down innovation, and lets competitors move faster than you.

Look for these core features in new-age Softwares

Here’s the reality, Irrespective of purpose, if your software doesn’t include the following features, you’re setting yourself up for trouble. These are must-have capabilities to keep your business safe and running smoothly.

• Backup and Recovery
  Your system, database, and data need reliable backups. Without this, one failure can cost you everything. Full backups are expensive and time-consuming, but incremental backups at frequent intervals can save your day.

• Ownership
  Every order, asset, or entry should have a clear owner who controls who can see, edit, or delete it. Permissions need to be shareable but secure.

• Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
  Your software should let you assign roles so only the right people can take critical actions. Otherwise, one wrong move can have huge consequences.

• Version Control
  Every change should be tracked. If someone makes a mistake, you should be able to roll it back instantly and see who did what.

• Real-Time Monitoring
  Problems need to be caught instantly. Dashboards, alerts, and logs should give you eyes on everything at all times.

• Analytics and Insights
  Your software should tell you what’s happening, what’s trending, and what could go wrong next. Insights help you make smarter decisions before mistakes become disasters.

• Event Sourcing
  Every action should be recorded. If something goes wrong, you should be able to rewind and rebuild the system exactly as it was.

• Live Communication
  Teams need to communicate instantly. Real-time chat, notifications, and integrations prevent small issues from turning into big ones.

• Collaboration
  Your software must allow multiple people to work together without conflicts. Otherwise, progress slows and errors increase.

Final thoughts

Mistakes are inevitable. The right software features can turn a potential disaster into a manageable situation. When evaluating new software, make sure it includes these core capabilities. Otherwise, it may not be worth using.

Hello, I hope you’re doing well!

I’m excited to share some big news. I’ve officially launched PragmrBytes, a brand-new publication created to keep you informed, inspired, and ahead of the curve.

From now on, all future newsletters will come from PragmrBytes. This change is all about giving you a smoother and more enjoyable reading experience. I’ve put in time and effort to thoughtfully design the content, so every edition feels valuable and worth your time.

Your feedback has been invaluable and I’ve taken it to heart. Going forward, you can expect:

1. Curated insights on technology trends and best practices

2. Actionable tips to boost your confidence and decision-making

3. Practical stories showing how businesses apply these ideas to grow

This is just the beginning, and I’m thrilled to have you with me on this journey!

Thank you for all your support.

When Ola and Uber first launched in the market, it was revolutionary. They solved a huge problem: taxis were too expensive for a middle-class household. Yet, these very households often needed taxis to travel as a family, since they didn’t always own a car.

Ola built a business model where both taxi drivers and passengers became its customers. Both sides needed a platform where trip prices could be reasonable, affordable, and profitable. Ola made this possible by giving generous incentives to drivers while charging passengers less. In return, Ola shared revenue with the drivers.

But what went wrong for drivers?

Drivers began to feel that Ola and Uber were taking away their hard-earned money. They realized that without them, the entire system would collapse. More importantly, they discovered they could influence trip pricing by refusing rides and artificially inflating demand. This became especially common for long trips and, in some cities, even short trips.

Who thrives in the local taxi market?

Many independent taxi companies began dominating their regions. Red Taxi in the Coimbatore region is a prime example. They run a successful business by offering reliable service and winning customer trust through excellent support.

Companies like Red Taxi deeply understand the needs of their local customers. Instead of focusing only on flashy passenger apps, they prioritized strong driver apps to track distance and time for accurate billing. For passengers, they kept things simple: book a ride with a quick phone call. By building robust phone support, they made it easy for even non-tech-savvy customers to access their service.

What is still missing?

Technology for small-scale taxi services.

Many of these regional taxi operators want to run their own business, control their pricing, and offer packages tailored to their customers. But platforms like Ola and Uber don’t allow that flexibility.

Yes, some small IT firms provide white-labeled mobile apps. But these solutions aren’t scalable—they break when the business grows or pivots quickly.

How do small operators manage today?

Through WhatsApp groups. Believe it or not, there are over 10,000+ WhatsApp groups in South India where most long-trip bookings are arranged. Travel agents manually run these groups. Once they receive a booking lead from their website, they post it in the groups and wait for drivers to respond.

This is highly inefficient. Travel agents spend endless hours posting in thousands of groups, hoping to find a driver willing to take the trip from Point A to Point B at the agreed terms.

Where is the opportunity?

What’s missing is a flexible technology platform that empowers drivers and travel agents to set their own pricing models. Demand already exists, but execution is the pain point. On top of that, customer trust is eroded by a lack of transparency. Too often, passengers face situations where drivers demand more money mid-journey or, worse, drop them on the road after deciding the trip isn’t profitable enough.

What could transform the industry?

Imagine a system that creates a win-win-win:

• Passengers get transparent pricing and reliable service.

• Drivers earn fair wages without gaming the system.

• Travel agents can scale their businesses with efficiency.

• Car owners who gets returns for their investment without hassle.

If such technology emerges, it won’t just be an improvement.
It will trigger the next revolution in India’s small-scaled travel industry.

Welcome to the Fifth edition of my “Tools for Early Startup Founders” newsletter!

In this edition, we’re going to learn about Cashflow.

Cashflow can be a tricky subject—even for seasoned founders. Many businesses fail not because of lack of customers or ideas, but because they ignore tracking and maintaining a healthy cashflow.

To make things fun (and easy to understand), let’s explore this concept through the story of a fictional lemon-based startup called “LemonMania.” 🍋

LemonMania: The Origin Story

Meet Prof. Citron, a quirky inventor from a mountain town called Sourless.
Now, Sourless wasn’t always sour—it got its name from the volcanic soil that simply couldn’t grow citrus fruits. The townsfolk depended on lemons shipped from Downhill. But because of distance and demand, lemons there were 100x more expensive.

Tired of this struggle, Prof. Citron invented something revolutionary: a genetically modified lemon that could grow in Sourless soil!

There was one problem though… these lemons grew only during peak summer—fast and in excellent quality—but barely survived in other seasons.

Prof. Citron realized that selling lemons directly wouldn’t work. Demand was year-round, but supply was seasonal. So, he put on his entrepreneurial hat and asked: “How can I give people lemons whenever they want them?”

After speaking with locals, he discovered:

• In summer, people loved making lemonade.

• In winter, lemons were a luxury, used to add sourness to food.

That’s when he spotted the market gap. His value proposition was born:
“Lemon that we deserve anytime.”

Thus, LemonMania was born with two products:

1. Fresh Lemonade for summer.

2. Lemon Pickle for all other seasons.

LemonMania: Getting Started

With an idea in hand, Prof. Citron pitched to the wealthiest landlord in town—Mr. Shark.

Mr. Shark loved the idea. He could smell profits from miles away. But being cautious, he didn’t want to risk big money upfront. Instead, he offered:

• A loan of ₹1,00,000 at 10% interest, repayable in one year.

• Free land lease to start cultivation.

• Monthly interest payments, split equally.

• A condition: Prof. Citron must submit a clean Profit & Loss statement and Balance Sheet every month.

If LemonMania proved profitable, Mr. Shark promised a ₹10,00,000 investment plus a long-term concession on land lease.

Excited, Prof. Citron wasted no time. He opened a bank account for LemonMania, and soon the first ₹1,00,000 was transferred by Mr. Shark.

The journey had begun. 🚀

LemonMania: Prof. Citron’s Cashflow Journey

January - The Busy Lab

Prof. Citron opened his shiny new lab, full of equipment and gadgets. It looked impressive, and everyone thought he was ready to conquer the lemon world. But soon he realized that a busy lab doesn’t mean money in the bank. Lesson one: cash is the lifeblood of any business.

February – Tiny Sprouts, Big Responsibility

The first lemon saplings peeked out of the soil. Prof. Citron spent on labor and fertilizer, and even made a small loan payment. He quickly learned that liabilities need to be matched with cash or incoming revenue, or stress will creep in.

March – The Side Hustle Trick

Flowers bloomed, bees visited, and pollination began. To keep money flowing, Prof. Citron sold a few saplings to townsfolk. Lesson: small side hustles can help bridge cash gaps while waiting for your main product to be ready.

April – Lemonade Dreams

The first lemons were ready, and Prof. Citron set up a lemonade stall. Customers lined up, and excitement soared. But despite the crowds, he realized that strong sales alone don’t guarantee profit—focusing on the bottom line (profit) is what counts.

May – Stocking Up for the Future

With excess lemons in hand, Prof. Citron began pickle production and stored inventory for upcoming months. He learned that inventory is an asset until it’s used or sold, and managing it wisely is key to smooth operations.

June – Smooth Sailing

Lemonade continued to sell, and pickles were being prepared for the season. Operations ran smoothly. Lesson: predictable cashflow gives your business breathing room to work without panic.

July to October – Slow Seasons

Lemon harvests slowed, but pickle inventory kept the business going. Sales were modest, and Prof. Citron faced quiet months. He realized the importance of keeping some cash liquid and not tying up everything in fixed assets, so the business could survive slow periods.

November to December – Peak Pickle Time

Pickle sales surged, and the loan was fully repaid. The business was finally thriving. Prof. Citron learned that healthy cashflow allows you to plan for growth and take strategic steps without fear.

The Year’s Wisdom

Through the journey of LemonMania, Prof. Citron discovered that flashy facilities, big sales, or rapid growth don’t guarantee success. The true heroes of a business are cash, inventory management, careful attention to liabilities, and planning for both busy and slow periods.

Thank you!

Your enthusiasm is what motivates me to spend time every week creating content in a format you’ll enjoy and learn from.

I’m a huge fan of the open-source community, without which I wouldn’t have build a successful career. Now, I want to give back by sharing my knowledge with anyone who might find it helpful in building a career as a Software Engineer, or Entrepreneur.

For new subscribers who missed my previous newsletters, you can find the links here.

1. A simple task tracker using Google sheets (Click Link)

2. Business Model Canvas Worksheet (Click Link)

3. Gather.town: A virtual office for Remote startups (Click Link)

4. Kano model: Do you really need AI or Quick Commerce in your Value Proposition?

Google Worksheets here

How Startups Get Distracted by Buzzwords

Startups are constantly under pressure to look modern, innovative, and competitive. One of the easiest ways to do this is to copy what competitors are doing—whether it’s AI-powered features, quick commerce, ultra-fast delivery, or virtual spaces. These marketing buzzwords promise to make your product look “trendy,” but they don’t always solve your customers’ real problems.

The danger is that founders can get pulled away from their core value proposition, spending time and resources on features that don’t matter. This is why many startups oversell trends instead of focusing on what keeps customers happy.

Wrong prioritization is one of the major reasons for the failure of Startups and Businesses.

Buzz Features Startups Chase Regardless of Core Value

You might have seen this following features in most of the recent startups, irrespective of what Core value proposition they provide.

• AI-Powered / Generative AI / ChatGPT Integration

• Quick Commerce / Ultra-Fast Delivery

• NFT / Web3 / Crypto Features

• Hyper-Personalization / Personalized Feeds

• Gamification / Rewards Points

In some cases, these features are mandatory. In some cases they are just a delighter to attract the customer to try your product. But what happens when you focus on a delighter and lose on core product feature?

Use Kano model to categorize your Customer needs

Every business has a list of items or features it provides to customers. But for each of these items, how important is it from the customer’s perspective?

The Kano Model helps you categorize your product or service features into three main types:

Core Features – Essential features customers expect. If present their satisfaction is neutral and without these, they will be disappointed. Example: Correct order delivered, food quality meets expectations, restaurant hygiene, basic packaging.

Performance Features – Features that directly impact customer satisfaction, improving the experience proportionally to how well they are executed. Example: Faster delivery times, accurate estimated delivery, availability of popular items, easy payment options.

Delighter Features – Unexpected touches that delight customers, going beyond basic expectations. Example: Real-time order tracking, personalized thank-you notes, complimentary condiments or small freebies, loyalty points or surprise discounts.

Case Study: Food Service Business

From the example below, you can see that the same feature can have different importance depending on the type of food business:

• For a Street Food customer, a feature like fast service may be a Core feature.

• For a Fine Dine-In customer, the same feature may be a Performance feature or even a Delighter, because the expectation is different.

This illustrates an important principle: some features are mandatory for certain customers, and without them, they will be extremely unhappy. Understanding which features are Core, Performance, or Delighters helps you prioritize resources and improve customer satisfaction effectively.

Welcome to the third edition of my “Tools for Early Startup Founders” newsletter!

I’m sharing useful tools and platforms that I’ve personally used in my startups. Even though these tools are simple, free, and might seem like no-brainers, they have helped me and my partner turn ideas into a successful business.

I’m a huge fan of the open-source community, without which I wouldn’t have become a software engineer at one of the top AgTech robotics companies in the US. Now, I want to give back by sharing my knowledge with anyone who might find it helpful in building a career as a software engineer, robotics engineer, or entrepreneur.

For new subscribers who missed my previous newsletters, you can find the links here.

1. A simple task tracker using Google sheets (Click Link)

2. Business Model Canvas Worksheet (Click Link)

Google Worksheets here

Topic of the day

Let’s say you’ve decided to start a new startup, either on your own or with friends and colleagues. You’ll need a platform to connect and collaborate—a place where you can feel like you’re in an office and conduct meetings seamlessly. How can you achieve that?

https://www.gather.town/

Pragmr OnTime is a one-of-a-kind virtual office with a gamified environment. You’re assigned a character that can walk, talk, wave, and even dance! You can also customize your office space, your desk, and your avatar to make the experience truly your own.

Some of the key reasons of why using Gather can improve your productivity,

1. Seriousness: In the first few months, it can be difficult for you and your partners to stay serious about your business ideas. Most people start their first startup with friends from college or work. However, without an office setup, relying only on WhatsApp groups or phone calls often lacks the seriousness needed to drive real productivity. Slack is a good option, but nothing matches the feeling of actually being in an office. Gather gives you that experience.

2. Communication: Other communication tools such as Slack Huddles, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet, and Zoom usually require scheduling and sending invites before connecting. In contrast, Gather offers a seamless experience—you simply walk up to your team members and instantly start a conversation. Trust me, it’s something you have to experience at least once.

   

3. Virtual Office for Work from Home: Not all startups can afford a physical office, and most tech companies now operate remotely. Gather serves as the perfect tool to give you and your team an ‘office-like’ experience while working from home.

4. Free Tier: Gather offers a free tier for up to 10 users with limited features. For most young startups, this is usually sufficient to make full use of the platform until you secure funding and expand your team.

What next? Try Gather.town and let me know if you like this platform.

Shout outs

This is the section where I give shout-outs to young startups with compelling ideas and outstanding products or services.

If you have an interesting startup that you’d like to share with my subscribers, please connect with me. I’d be happy to give you a shout-out if your product or service stands out

Events

1. TNStartup Global summit 2025 at Coimbatore, on Oct 8 2025 and Oct 9 2025. Register here

2. Business and Franchise Expo at Coimbatore, on Aug 23 2025 and Aug 23 2025.Buy tickets here

Thanks for reading Pragmr Bytes!, Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.

“Knowledge is useless unless you put it to practice”

Topic of the day

In my previous newsletter, I shared my ideas on Getting Started with Startup and Simple Task Tracker for founders

Today, I am very excited to share a google worksheet, which you can download and generate your own business model right away!

This worksheet is based on my studies from the book Business model generation

Download the worksheet here

In every future newletters, I will add the example worksheet, so that you can implement what you learn from here.

I am so excited for your new business model! Please share me your thoughts personally, as it will motivate to provide more useful tools.

A quick look on Business model worksheet and what it covers

Important Events

1. TN Global Startup Summit Stalls are booking fast! An important event for networking with global investors and potential customers. Event is on October 8th 2025 and October 9th 2025.

2. StartupTN has announced NCIIPC Startup India Grand Challenge competition for Startups with prices worth Rs. 22.56 Crores. More information here. Application deadline is August 15 2025.

Shout outs

1. Travel Empire is a Chennai based travel business, who provides one-way trips from anywhere to anywhere in Tamil Nadu. He has some exciting technology updates coming in near future in the name of PeopleTaxis. Anyone who is interested in contributing to his travel application (Mobile app), Please reach out to me via Substack.

2. Redle Care is a Chennai based startup, focusing on providing home and healthcare needs for Seniors. Anyone who is in medical sector or nurse, who like to contribute in his startup, Please reach out to me.

Thanks for reading Krishnakumar’s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.

As a startup founder, your most valuable resource is your time.
Your top priority should be to save time—that means knowing when to build your own tools and when to use existing ones, even if they cost a little.

Keep your tools simple and easy to use.
Founders usually juggle a lot. The simpler your daily workflow, the easier it is to switch between tasks and stay focused.

Thanks for reading Krishnakumar’s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.

Note-taking should be a habit

You never know when inspiration strikes—could be while you're on a bus, in a train, or doing something unrelated. That’s why it’s important to always have a note-taking tool handy.

Task Tracker that worked for me:

I’ve been using a simple Google Sheet for over a year, and it’s worked really well.

Here's how I do it:

1. One Google Sheet per year

2. One tab per month, named like August 2025

3. Use basic headers: S.No, Date, Task, Details

4. Set font to Arial, size 9, and apply a background color (e.g. on cells A1:D999) using conditional formatting — makes the sheet more pleasant to use

5. For each entry, just fill in the serial number, current date, task, and details

6. Never edit past data — always append. If the same task appears again, it's a new version or an update

7. Try to add all details in a single cell under "Details". It helps reduce clutter — too many rows make things hard to manage

8. The "Date" is the entry date, not the due date. Deadlines and extra info go in the "Details"

9. Avoid adding an "Assignee" column — you may end up switching it often. Just mention names as needed in the "Details" section

10. Add useful links or bullet points inside the "Details"

11. Use consistent task types like:

    • To Do

    • Interesting Reads

    • New Ideas

    • Tutorial

    • Meeting Minutes with <person name>
      Write down what you saw or the idea you got. Later, when you revisit it, you might find something useful that solves the problem you’re working on.

Why this setup helps:

• Google Sheets is free

• It’s text-based, so easy to search

• Builds a timeline of your tasks and thoughts as you go

What not to do:

1. If you're just starting out, don’t jump into Jira, Redmine, Monday.com, etc.
   You'll waste time learning the tool instead of actually tracking your work.

2. Avoid complex color-coding with meanings — it’s hard to maintain and doesn’t scale well for personal use.

This approach kept me productive without overwhelming me. Try it and tweak it to fit your workflow.

If you find it useful, share it with your friends.

Text within this block will maintain its original spacing when published

"When you share a flame, it multiplies"

Lets start with absolute basics. First thing we need to start a business is knowing your goal.

1. What is your goal?

   1. A Goal of any business is to make money

   2. Every activity you do in business should be linked to making money

   3. Business makes money when you successfully sell a Value proposition

   4. Choose Bootstrap model or Venture Capital Funded model

      1. In Bootstrap model, founders grow their business without external funding. Founders own 100% of the company. Focus will be more on product and the customer rather than reaching milestones set by Investors. Founders get paid only through direct sales to customer. Founders may choose to sell their company later.

      2. In VC Funded model, you will be paid by VC to run your business. Your focus will be more on increasing value of the company. You will mostly get the returns only when it is acquired by a bigger company. VC will fund your salary and other operating expenses.

2. What is your Value proposition?

   1. Value proposition solves a customer problem or satisfies a need better than alternatives

   2. Value proposition can be a product, service or an entity

   3. Value proposition is always targeted towards a specific Customer Segment

   4. To ensure success, your value proposition has to be a Unique Selling Proposition (USP), a value only you can provide

3. What is Customer Segment?

   1. For whom we are creating value

      1. Mass market - One large group of people with similar needs and problems

      2. Niche market - Customer with specific and specialized requirements

      3. Segmented - Customers with different capabilities. For example: Low-income, Middle-income and High income

      4. Diversified - Two unrelated customer segments who can use the same product. Example: Google Workspace, AWS Services

      5. Multisided platforms - For example, YouTube Ads revenue from free users and YouTube premium from paid users

   2. Why knowing customer segment is crucial?

      1. Helps to customize your product or service as per the customer segments

4. What are your Key Activities?

   1. Key activities are the main things a business does every day

      1. Designing, developing, mass manufacturing, hiring, employee training, marketing, selling, etc

   2. Key activities can be Production, Problem Solving & Providing Platform or Network

5. What are your Key Resources?

   1. Key resources enables and help to perform Key activities of the business

      1. Employees, Machines, Office Space etc

   2. Key resources can be physical, intellectual, human or financial

6. Who are your Key Partners?

   1. Key partners are your strategic business partners, often a different entity who supports you with your Key activities with their Key Resources

      1. Tata Consultancy Services is a Key Partner for Toyota Motors NA to manage their IT infrastructure

7. What is your Cost Structure?

   1. While performing your Key activities to produce Value, you spend some money to create that value

      1. Employee Salary, Office Rent, Google Subscriptions, AWS Costs, Utility Bills, Machine Rentals, Fees paid to Key Partners etc

      2. Cost structure can be cost-driven, value-driven, fixed costs, variable costs, economies of scale or economies of scope

8. What are your Distribution Channels?

   1. How can customer reach out to you, to buy your product or service?

      1. Website, Retail Store, Online Store, Delivery Apps, etc.

   2. Channels can be owned by you or a Key partner

   3. Channels are used to

      1. Create awareness of your product (YouTube, Google Ads, Instagram, etc)

      2. Sell your product or service (Web sales, own stores, partner stores, wholesale)

      3. Deliver your value proposition

      4. Provide post-sales support

9. How do manage your Customer Relationship?

   1. What are the type of relationsips does each of your customer segment expect you to establish and maintain with them

   2. Customer Relationships can be Personal Assistance, Dedicated Personal Assistance, Self-Service, Automated Services, Communities or Co-creation

10. How do you generate Revenue Streams?

    1. How does customer pay for the value you provide?

    2. Revenue can be made by Asset sale, Usage Fee, Subscription Fee, Lending/Renting/Leasing or Licensing